Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization—Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.
This document replaces GB/T 9286-1998 Paints and varnishes—Cross cut test for films. In addition to a number of structural adjustments and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 9286-1998:
——The "steel" is changed to "metal" and "plastic" to "plaster" (see Clause 1 hereof; 1.3 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “normative references” are modified (see Clause 2 hereof; Clause 2 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “Information to be supplemented" is deleted (see Clause 3 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “Terms and definitions” is added (see Clause 3 hereof);
——The clause “Principle” is added (see Clause 4 hereof);
——The subclause “General” is added (see 5.1 hereof);
——The "general requirements" for cutting tools are added (see 5.2.1 hereof), and the requirements for "single-blade cutting tools" (see 5.2.2 hereof; 4.1 of Edition 1998), "multi-blade cutting tools" (see 5.2.3 hereof; 4.1 of Edition 1998) and "guiding and spacing edges" (see 5.3 hereof; 4.2 of Edition 1998) are modified;
——The subclauses "soft brush" (see 4.3 of Edition 1998) and "transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive tape” are deleted (see 4.4 of Edition 1998);
——The "examples of single-blade cutting tools" (see Figure 1 hereof; Figure 1 of Edition 1998), "examples of multi-blade cutting tools" (see Figure 2 hereof; Figure 1 of Edition 1998), "examples of guiding and spacing edges" (see Figure 4 hereof; Figure 2 of Edition 1998) is modified, and "motor-driven apparatus" (see Figure 3 hereof) is added;
——The clause "sampling" content is modified (see Clause 6 hereof; Clause 5 of Edition 1998);
——The subclauses "treatment and coating of test panel" (see 6.2 of Edition 1998) and "drying of sample panel" (see 6.3 of Edition 1998) are deleted;
——The examples for hard and soft substrates (see 8.1.4 hereof) as well as the requirements of the number of determinations for routine testing (see 8.1.5 hereof) are added, and the requirements of “cutting the coating using the manual procedure” (see 8.2 hereof; 7.2 of Edition 1998) and the requirements of “cutting the coating using a motor-driven tool” (see 8.3 hereof; 7.3 of 1998) are modified;
——The keys for classification of test results are modified (see Table 1 hereof; Table 1 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “designation of the test result” is added (see Clause 10 hereof);
——The clause “precision” is added (see Clause 11 hereof);
——The contents of “test report” are modified (see Clause 12 hereof; Clause 9 of Edition 1998);
——The informative annex is modified (see Annex A hereof; Annex A of Edition 1998);
This document is identical to ISO 2409: 2020 Paints and varnishes—Cross-cut test.
The Chinese document consistent and corresponding with the normative international document in this document is as follows:
GB/T 3186-2006 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes—Sampling (ISO 15528: 2000, IDT)
GB/T 5206-2015 Paints and varnishes—Terms and definitions (ISO 4618: 2014, IDT)
GB/T 13452.2-2008 Paints and varnishes—Determination of film thickness (ISO 2808: 2007, IDT)
GB/T 20777-2006 Paints and varnishes—Examination and preparation of samples for testing (ISO 1513: 1992, IDT)
GB/T 37356-2019 Paints and varnishes—Lighting and procedure for visual assessments of coatings (ISO 13076: 2012, IDT)
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association.
This document is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 5 on Paints & Pigments of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 5).
The previous editions of this document and documents replaced by this document are as follows:
——It was first issued as GB/T 9286-1988 in 1988, and first revised in 1998;
——This is the second revision.
Paints and varnishes—Cross-cut test
1 Scope
This document specifies a test method for assessing the resistance of paint coatings and varnishes (including wood stains) to separation from substrates when a right-angle lattice pattern is cut into the coating, penetrating through to the substrate. The property determined by this empirical test procedure depends, among other factors, on the adhesion of the coating to either the preceding coat or the substrate. This procedure is not, however, a means of measuring adhesion.
Note 1: Where a measurement of adhesion is required, see the method described in ISO 4624.
Note 2: Although the test is primarily intended for use in the laboratory, the test is also suitable for field testing.
The method described can be used either as a pass/fail test or, where circumstances are appropriate, as a six-step classification test. When applied to a multi-coat system, assessment of the resistance to separation of individual layers of the coating from each other can be made.
The test can be carried out on finished objects and/or on specially prepared test specimens.
Although the method is applicable to paint on hard (e.g. metal) and soft (e.g. wood and plaster) substrates, these different substrates need a different test procedure (see Clause 8).
The method is not suitable for coatings of total thickness greater than 250 µm or for textured coatings.
Note: The method, when applied to coatings designed to give a rough patterned surface, will give results which will show too much variation (see also ISO 16276-2).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1513 Paints and varnishes—Examination and preparation of test samples
ISO 2808 Paints and varnishes—Determination of film thickness
ISO 4618 Paints and varnishes—Terms and definitions
ISO 13076 Paints and varnishes—Lighting and procedure for visual assessments of coatings
ISO 15528 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and Varnishes—Sampling
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4618 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
——ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp;
——IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/.
4 Principle
Six parallel cuts are introduced in the coating and another six cuts are introduced perpendicular to the first cuts. Any loose paint particles are removed. The cut area is examined visually and compared to a six-step classification.
5 Apparatus
5.1 General
Use ordinary laboratory apparatus, together with the apparatus specified in 5.2 to 5.4.
5.2 Cutting tool
5.2.1 General requirements
It is particularly important to ensure that the cutting tool is capable of creating the specified V-shape throughout the total coating thickness, and that the cutting edges are in good condition. Suitable tools are described in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 and shown in Figures 1 and 2.
A single-blade cutting tool (5.2.2) as well as the multi-blade cutting tool (5.2.3) are suitable for all coatings and substrates; it shall be ensured that all cuts mark or scratch the substrate. The depth of indentation into the substrate shall be as low as possible, however.
The tools described in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 are suitable for manual use, which is the more usual method of use, but the tools may also be mounted on a motor-driven apparatus, which gives more uniform cutting.
The apparatus (manual or motor-driven) and the type of cutting tool used have an influence on the test result. Results obtained with different types of cutting tool cannot be directly compared. For each test series, the same cutting tool shall be used.
5.2.2 Single-blade cutting tools
5.2.2.1 Hand-held single-blade cutting tool with a cutting edge as shown in Figure 1 a).
5.2.2.2 Single-blade cutting tool used in motor-driven apparatus as shown in Figure 3.
5.2.2.3 Cutter with a rigid blade with a V-shaped cutting edge as shown in Figure 1 b).
The specific thickness of the blade is not specified, as long as the blade is rigid and the cut produced is V-shaped through the whole thickness of the coating.
Note: The cutter blade is designed to be broken in a defined manner so that a sharp blade is available at any time.
5.2.3 Multi-blade cutting tools
5.2.3.1 Hand-held multi-blade cutting tool with cutting edges as shown in Figure 2.
5.2.3.2 Multi-blade cutting tool used in motor-driven apparatus as shown in Figure 3.
The multi-blade cutting tool shall have six cutting edges spaced 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm apart. In addition, two guide edges (see Figure 2) are necessary to make handling easier. The guide edges and the cutting edges shall lie in one plane (see Figure 2).
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Principle 5 Apparatus 6 Sampling 7 Test specimen 8 Procedure 9 Evaluation and expression of results 10 Designation of the test result 11 Precision 12 Test report Annex A (Informative) Examples of suitable procedures for removing loose paint Bibliography
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization—Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.
This document replaces GB/T 9286-1998 Paints and varnishes—Cross cut test for films. In addition to a number of structural adjustments and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 9286-1998:
——The "steel" is changed to "metal" and "plastic" to "plaster" (see Clause 1 hereof; 1.3 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “normative references” are modified (see Clause 2 hereof; Clause 2 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “Information to be supplemented" is deleted (see Clause 3 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “Terms and definitions” is added (see Clause 3 hereof);
——The clause “Principle” is added (see Clause 4 hereof);
——The subclause “General” is added (see 5.1 hereof);
——The "general requirements" for cutting tools are added (see 5.2.1 hereof), and the requirements for "single-blade cutting tools" (see 5.2.2 hereof; 4.1 of Edition 1998), "multi-blade cutting tools" (see 5.2.3 hereof; 4.1 of Edition 1998) and "guiding and spacing edges" (see 5.3 hereof; 4.2 of Edition 1998) are modified;
——The subclauses "soft brush" (see 4.3 of Edition 1998) and "transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive tape” are deleted (see 4.4 of Edition 1998);
——The "examples of single-blade cutting tools" (see Figure 1 hereof; Figure 1 of Edition 1998), "examples of multi-blade cutting tools" (see Figure 2 hereof; Figure 1 of Edition 1998), "examples of guiding and spacing edges" (see Figure 4 hereof; Figure 2 of Edition 1998) is modified, and "motor-driven apparatus" (see Figure 3 hereof) is added;
——The clause "sampling" content is modified (see Clause 6 hereof; Clause 5 of Edition 1998);
——The subclauses "treatment and coating of test panel" (see 6.2 of Edition 1998) and "drying of sample panel" (see 6.3 of Edition 1998) are deleted;
——The examples for hard and soft substrates (see 8.1.4 hereof) as well as the requirements of the number of determinations for routine testing (see 8.1.5 hereof) are added, and the requirements of “cutting the coating using the manual procedure” (see 8.2 hereof; 7.2 of Edition 1998) and the requirements of “cutting the coating using a motor-driven tool” (see 8.3 hereof; 7.3 of 1998) are modified;
——The keys for classification of test results are modified (see Table 1 hereof; Table 1 of Edition 1998);
——The clause “designation of the test result” is added (see Clause 10 hereof);
——The clause “precision” is added (see Clause 11 hereof);
——The contents of “test report” are modified (see Clause 12 hereof; Clause 9 of Edition 1998);
——The informative annex is modified (see Annex A hereof; Annex A of Edition 1998);
This document is identical to ISO 2409: 2020 Paints and varnishes—Cross-cut test.
The Chinese document consistent and corresponding with the normative international document in this document is as follows:
GB/T 3186-2006 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes—Sampling (ISO 15528: 2000, IDT)
GB/T 5206-2015 Paints and varnishes—Terms and definitions (ISO 4618: 2014, IDT)
GB/T 13452.2-2008 Paints and varnishes—Determination of film thickness (ISO 2808: 2007, IDT)
GB/T 20777-2006 Paints and varnishes—Examination and preparation of samples for testing (ISO 1513: 1992, IDT)
GB/T 37356-2019 Paints and varnishes—Lighting and procedure for visual assessments of coatings (ISO 13076: 2012, IDT)
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association.
This document is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 5 on Paints & Pigments of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 5).
The previous editions of this document and documents replaced by this document are as follows:
——It was first issued as GB/T 9286-1988 in 1988, and first revised in 1998;
——This is the second revision.
Paints and varnishes—Cross-cut test
1 Scope
This document specifies a test method for assessing the resistance of paint coatings and varnishes (including wood stains) to separation from substrates when a right-angle lattice pattern is cut into the coating, penetrating through to the substrate. The property determined by this empirical test procedure depends, among other factors, on the adhesion of the coating to either the preceding coat or the substrate. This procedure is not, however, a means of measuring adhesion.
Note 1: Where a measurement of adhesion is required, see the method described in ISO 4624.
Note 2: Although the test is primarily intended for use in the laboratory, the test is also suitable for field testing.
The method described can be used either as a pass/fail test or, where circumstances are appropriate, as a six-step classification test. When applied to a multi-coat system, assessment of the resistance to separation of individual layers of the coating from each other can be made.
The test can be carried out on finished objects and/or on specially prepared test specimens.
Although the method is applicable to paint on hard (e.g. metal) and soft (e.g. wood and plaster) substrates, these different substrates need a different test procedure (see Clause 8).
The method is not suitable for coatings of total thickness greater than 250 µm or for textured coatings.
Note: The method, when applied to coatings designed to give a rough patterned surface, will give results which will show too much variation (see also ISO 16276-2).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1513 Paints and varnishes—Examination and preparation of test samples
ISO 2808 Paints and varnishes—Determination of film thickness
ISO 4618 Paints and varnishes—Terms and definitions
ISO 13076 Paints and varnishes—Lighting and procedure for visual assessments of coatings
ISO 15528 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and Varnishes—Sampling
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4618 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
——ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp;
——IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/.
4 Principle
Six parallel cuts are introduced in the coating and another six cuts are introduced perpendicular to the first cuts. Any loose paint particles are removed. The cut area is examined visually and compared to a six-step classification.
5 Apparatus
5.1 General
Use ordinary laboratory apparatus, together with the apparatus specified in 5.2 to 5.4.
5.2 Cutting tool
5.2.1 General requirements
It is particularly important to ensure that the cutting tool is capable of creating the specified V-shape throughout the total coating thickness, and that the cutting edges are in good condition. Suitable tools are described in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 and shown in Figures 1 and 2.
A single-blade cutting tool (5.2.2) as well as the multi-blade cutting tool (5.2.3) are suitable for all coatings and substrates; it shall be ensured that all cuts mark or scratch the substrate. The depth of indentation into the substrate shall be as low as possible, however.
The tools described in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 are suitable for manual use, which is the more usual method of use, but the tools may also be mounted on a motor-driven apparatus, which gives more uniform cutting.
The apparatus (manual or motor-driven) and the type of cutting tool used have an influence on the test result. Results obtained with different types of cutting tool cannot be directly compared. For each test series, the same cutting tool shall be used.
5.2.2 Single-blade cutting tools
5.2.2.1 Hand-held single-blade cutting tool with a cutting edge as shown in Figure 1 a).
5.2.2.2 Single-blade cutting tool used in motor-driven apparatus as shown in Figure 3.
5.2.2.3 Cutter with a rigid blade with a V-shaped cutting edge as shown in Figure 1 b).
The specific thickness of the blade is not specified, as long as the blade is rigid and the cut produced is V-shaped through the whole thickness of the coating.
Note: The cutter blade is designed to be broken in a defined manner so that a sharp blade is available at any time.
5.2.3 Multi-blade cutting tools
5.2.3.1 Hand-held multi-blade cutting tool with cutting edges as shown in Figure 2.
5.2.3.2 Multi-blade cutting tool used in motor-driven apparatus as shown in Figure 3.
The multi-blade cutting tool shall have six cutting edges spaced 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm apart. In addition, two guide edges (see Figure 2) are necessary to make handling easier. The guide edges and the cutting edges shall lie in one plane (see Figure 2).
Contents of GB/T 9286-2021
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Apparatus
6 Sampling
7 Test specimen
8 Procedure
9 Evaluation and expression of results
10 Designation of the test result
11 Precision
12 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Examples of suitable procedures for removing loose paint
Bibliography
