GB/T 229-2020 Metallic materials—Charpy pendulum impact test method English
1 Scope
This standard specifies the Charpy (V-notch and U-notch) pendulum impact test method for determining the energy absorbed in an impact test of metallic materials.
This standard is applicable to Charpy pendulum impact test at room temperature, high temperature or low temperature, but does not cover instrumented impact testing, which is specified in GB/T 19748.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products - Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing (GB/T 2975-2018, ISO 377:2017, MOD)
GB/T 3808 Verification of pendulum-type impact testing machines (GB/T 3808-2018, ISO 148-2: 2008, MOD)
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values
JJG 145 Verification regulation of pendulum impact testing machines
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Definitions pertaining to energy
3.1.1
initial potential energy
potential energy
Kp
potential energy of the pendulum hammer prior to its release for the impact test, as determined by direct verification
3.1.2
absorb energy
K
energy required to break a test piece with a pendulum impact testing machine, after correction for friction
Note: The letter V or U is used to indicate the notch geometry, the letter W is used to indicate non-notched test piece. The number 2 or 8 is used as a subscript to indicate the radius of the striker, for example KV2.
3.1.3
nominal initial potential energy
nominal energy
KN
energy assigned by the manufacturer of the pendulum impact testing machine
3.2 Definitions pertaining to test piece
3.2.1
width
W
distance between the notched face and the opposite face
Note 1: For non-notched test piece, it is the distance between the surface where the strike center is located and its opposite surface.
Note 2: See Figure 1.
Note 3: In GB/T 229-2007, the distance between the notched face and the opposite face was specified as “height”. Changing this dimension to “width” makes this standard consistent with the terminology used in other fracture standards.
3.2.2
thickness
B
dimension perpendicular to the width and parallel to the notch
Note 1: For non-notched test piece, it is the minimum dimension perpendicular to the width direction.
Note 2: See Figure 1.
Note 3: In GB/T 229-2007, the dimension perpendicular to the width direction and parallel to the notch axis was specified as “width”. Changing this dimension to “thickness” makes this standard consistent with the terminology used in other fracture standards.
3.2.3
length
L
largest dimension perpendicular to the notch
Note 1: For non-notched test piece, it is the maximum dimension perpendicular to the width direction.
Note 2: The notch direction is the notch depth direction, as shown in Figure 1.
Key
1——anvil; 4-shroud; 7——thickness of test piece, B;
2——standardized test piece; 5——width of test piece, W; 8——centre of strike;
3——test piece supports; 6——length of test piece, L; 9——direction of pendulum swing.
Note: The shroud may be used in U-shaped pendulum testing machine to protect the broken test piece from rebounding to the pendulum and jamming.
Figure 1 Relative position of test piece to the supports and anvils of a pendulum impact testing machine
4 Symbols and interpretations
The symbols and interpretations applicable to this standard are indicated in Table 1.
Table 1 Symbols, designation and unit
GB/T 229-2020 Metallic materials—Charpy pendulum impact test method English
1 Scope
This standard specifies the Charpy (V-notch and U-notch) pendulum impact test method for determining the energy absorbed in an impact test of metallic materials.
This standard is applicable to Charpy pendulum impact test at room temperature, high temperature or low temperature, but does not cover instrumented impact testing, which is specified in GB/T 19748.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products - Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing (GB/T 2975-2018, ISO 377:2017, MOD)
GB/T 3808 Verification of pendulum-type impact testing machines (GB/T 3808-2018, ISO 148-2: 2008, MOD)
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values
JJG 145 Verification regulation of pendulum impact testing machines
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Definitions pertaining to energy
3.1.1
initial potential energy
potential energy
Kp
potential energy of the pendulum hammer prior to its release for the impact test, as determined by direct verification
3.1.2
absorb energy
K
energy required to break a test piece with a pendulum impact testing machine, after correction for friction
Note: The letter V or U is used to indicate the notch geometry, the letter W is used to indicate non-notched test piece. The number 2 or 8 is used as a subscript to indicate the radius of the striker, for example KV2.
3.1.3
nominal initial potential energy
nominal energy
KN
energy assigned by the manufacturer of the pendulum impact testing machine
3.2 Definitions pertaining to test piece
3.2.1
width
W
distance between the notched face and the opposite face
Note 1: For non-notched test piece, it is the distance between the surface where the strike center is located and its opposite surface.
Note 2: See Figure 1.
Note 3: In GB/T 229-2007, the distance between the notched face and the opposite face was specified as “height”. Changing this dimension to “width” makes this standard consistent with the terminology used in other fracture standards.
3.2.2
thickness
B
dimension perpendicular to the width and parallel to the notch
Note 1: For non-notched test piece, it is the minimum dimension perpendicular to the width direction.
Note 2: See Figure 1.
Note 3: In GB/T 229-2007, the dimension perpendicular to the width direction and parallel to the notch axis was specified as “width”. Changing this dimension to “thickness” makes this standard consistent with the terminology used in other fracture standards.
3.2.3
length
L
largest dimension perpendicular to the notch
Note 1: For non-notched test piece, it is the maximum dimension perpendicular to the width direction.
Note 2: The notch direction is the notch depth direction, as shown in Figure 1.
Key
1——anvil; 4-shroud; 7——thickness of test piece, B;
2——standardized test piece; 5——width of test piece, W; 8——centre of strike;
3——test piece supports; 6——length of test piece, L; 9——direction of pendulum swing.
Note: The shroud may be used in U-shaped pendulum testing machine to protect the broken test piece from rebounding to the pendulum and jamming.
Figure 1 Relative position of test piece to the supports and anvils of a pendulum impact testing machine
4 Symbols and interpretations
The symbols and interpretations applicable to this standard are indicated in Table 1.
Table 1 Symbols, designation and unit
