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GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017   Carbon and low-alloy steel―Determination of multi-element contents―Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method), includes Amendment 1 (English Version)
Standard No.: GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017 Status:valid remind me the status change

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Standard No.: GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017
English Name: Carbon and low-alloy steel―Determination of multi-element contents―Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method), includes Amendment 1
Chinese Name: 碳素钢和中低合金钢 多元素含量的测定 火花放电原子发射光谱法(常规法)|| 含国家标准第1号修改单
Chinese Classification: H11    Steel and iron alloy analysis method
Professional Classification: GB    National Standard
ICS Classification: 77.080.20 77.080.20    Steels 77.080.20
Issued by: AQSIQ; SAC
Issued on: 2016-02-24
Implemented on: 2017-9-29
Status: valid
Superseding:GB/T 4336-2016 Carbon and low-alloy steel―Determination of multi-element contents―Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method)
Language: English
File Format: PDF
Word Count: 11000 words
Price(USD): 220.0
Delivery: via email in 1 business day
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is drafted according to rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard supersedes "Standard Test Method for Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis of Carbon and Low-alloy Steel (Routine Method)" (GB/T 4336-2002); compared with the latter, the main technical changes in this standard are as follows: - The standard name is changed to "Carbon and Low-alloy Steel - Determination of Multi-element Contents - Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometric Method (Routine Method)"; - The determination scope of each element in Table 1 is modified; - Documents referred in "Normative References" (Chapter 2) are added; - The principle description specified in "Principle" (Chapter 3) is modified; - The description of excitation light source in 4.1 is modified; - The description of spark chamber in 4.2 is modified; - The argon purity requirements in 4.3 are modified, and the position of instrument with constant argon pressure and flow is specified; - The description of electrode in 4.4 is modified; - The focal length and wave length range in 4.5 are modified; - The description of photometric system in 4.6 is modified; - Chapter 6 is changed to "Standard Sample, Standardization Sample and Control Sample" from "Standard Sample and Recalibration Sample", and the description is also modified accordingly; - "Calibration" (Chapter 8) and its description are added; - The former Chapter 8 "Analysis Conditions and Analysis Procedures" is changed to Chapter 9, and the description is also modified; - The former Chapter 10 "Precision" is changed to Chapter 11; the repeatability limit and reproducibility limit formulas of each element are worked out again according to the precision test result; - "Acceptability of Measuring Result and Determination of Final Report Result" (Chapter 12) is added; - "Accuracy Judgment for Measuring Result in Laboratory" (Chapter 13) is added; - "Test Report" (Chapter 14) is added; - Appendix A and Appendix B (both are informative) are added. This standard is proposed by China Iron and Steel Association. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Iron and Steel of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 183). Drafting organizations of this standard: Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Baosteel Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Angang Steel Company Limited, Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Co., Ltd., Hengyang Valin Steel Tube Co. Ltd., Jiugang Steel (group) Co., Ltd., Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center For Quality Supervision & Test of Steel Material Products, NCS Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Shimadzu Enterprise Management (China) Co., Ltd., Oxford Instruments (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Yantai Dongfang Analytical Instruments Co., Ltd. and Focused Photonics (Hangzhou), Inc. Chief drafting staff of this standard: Cheng Haiming, Jia Yunhai, Luo Qianhua, Shen Ke, Zhang Ye, Yu Yuanjun, Dai Xueqian, Sun Jianjun, Zhao Bin, Ma Hongbo, Guo Dongsheng and Gan Zhengbin. The previous editions of the standard superseded by this standard are as follows: - GB/T 4336-1984 and GB/T 4336-2002. Carbon and Low-alloy Steel - Determination of Multi-element Contents - Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometric Method (Routine Method) 碳素钢和中低合金钢 多元素含量的测定 火花放电原子发射光谱法(常规法) 1 Scope This standard specifies the method for determining the contents of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulphur, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, aluminum, titanium, copper, niobium, cobalt, boron, zirconium, arsenic and tin in carbon and low-alloy steel with the spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method). This standard is applicable to the analysis of as-cast or forged carbon and low-alloy steel samples such as electric furnace, induction furnace, electroslag furnace and converter. See Table 1 for the application scope and determination scope of each element. Table 1 Application Scope and Determination Scope of Each Element Element Application scope (mass fraction)/% Determination scope (mass fraction)/% C 0.001~1.3 0.03~1.3 Si 0.006~1.2 0.17~1.2 Mn 0.006~2.2 0.07~2.2 P 0.003~0.07 0.01~0.07 S 0.002~0.05 0.008~0.05 Cr 0.005~3.0 0.1~3.0 Ni 0.001~4.2 0.009~4.2 W 0.06~1.7 0.06~1.7 Mo 0.0009~1.2 0.03~1.2 V 0.0007~0.6 0.1~0.6 Al 0.001~0.16 0.03~0.16 Ti 0.0007~0.5 0.015~0.5 Cu 0.005~1.0 0.02~1.0 Nb 0.0008~0.12 0.02~0.12 Co 0.0015~0.3 0.004~0.3 B 0.0001~0.011 0.0008~0.011 Zr 0.001~0.07 0.006~0.07 As 0.0007~0.014 0.004~0.014 Sn 0.0015~0.02 0.006~0.02 Note: The low-content range in the “Application scope” column has not been verified by precision tests, and the laboratory shall select appropriate instruments, conditions and standard samples and operate with caution under strictly control during test of the low-content samples. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 6379.1 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results - Part 1: General Principles and Definitions GB/T 6379.2 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results - Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method GB/T 20066 Steel and Iron - Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the Determination of Chemical Composition 3 Principle Make the well-prepared block sample discharge with the counter electrode under the action of spark light source to generate plasma in inert atmosphere at high temperature. Where the measured element is excitated, the electron will transit in the atom between different energy levels; the characteristic spectral line will be generated when transiting from high energy level to low energy level; then measure the spectral intensity of characteristic spectral line of the selected analytical element and the internal standard element. Calculate the content of the measured element through calibration curve according to the relation between the spectral line intensity (or intensity ratio) and the concentration of the measured element in sample. 4 Instruments The spark discharge atomic emission spectrometer is mainly composed of the following units. 4.1 Excitation light source The excitation light source shall be a stable spark excitation light source. 4.2 Spark chamber The spark chamber is specially designed for argon, and is directly installed on the spectrometer. It is equipped with an argon flushed spark stand to arrange planar sample and rod counter electrode. The argon gas circuit in spark chamber shall be able to displace the air in the light path between analytical gap and collecting lens, and shall provide argon atmosphere for the analytical gap. 4.3 Argon system The argon system mainly includes the argon container, two-stage pressure regulator, gas flowmeter and the sequential control part which is able to automatically change the argon flow according to analysis conditions. The purity and flow of argon have a significant impact on the analysis of measured value; it shall be ensured that the purity of argon shall not be less than 99.995%, otherwise, the argon purification device shall be used, and the pressure and flow of argon in spark chamber shall be maintained constant. 4.4 Counter electrode Different counter electrodes shall be used for different equipment. Generally, the conical tungsten bar with diameter of 4~8mm and with top processed into 30°~120° or other electrode material is used, and the purity shall be greater than 99%. The flat tip tungsten electrode with diameter of 1mm may also be used. The time for replacing the counter electrode shall be determined by each laboratory according to specific conditions. 4.5 Spectrometer Generally, the reciprocal of dispersion of first-order spectral line of spectrometer shall be less than 0.6nm/mm, the focal length is within 0.35~1.0m, and the wave length range is 165.0~410.0nm. The vacuum degree of spectrometer shall work blow 3Pa or be filled with high-purity inert gas (such gas does not absorb the spectral line with wave length less than 200nm, and its purity is not lower than 99.999%). 4.6 Photometric system The photometric system shall include the photoelectric conversion detector receiving signal, the integrating capacitor capable of storing each output electric signal, the measuring unit used for directly or indirectly recording the voltage or frequency on the capacitor, and the necessary circuit switching device provided for the required time sequence. 5 Sampling and Sample Preparation 5.1 Sampling Sampling and sample preparation shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 20066. During sampling, the analysis sample shall be uniform, and free from shrinkage and crack. During the sampling of as-cast sample, the molten steel shall be injected into the specified mould, the content of deoxidizing agent shall not exceed 0.35% if aluminum deoxidation is adopted; the representative position shall be selected in steel sampling. 5.2 Sample preparation As for the sample taken out from mould, the sample is generally cut out at the lower 1/3 point in height direction. For the uncut samples, the surface thickness shall be reduced by 1mm. The cutting machine equipped with resin cutting disc and metal-cutting machine tool etc. shall be adopted as the cutting equipment. The analysis sample shall be sufficient to cover the excitated hole diameter of spark stand, generally, the diameter is required to be greater than 16mm and the thickness be greater than 2mm; the sample surface shall be flat and clean. Grinder, abrasive paper grinding disc or abrasive band grinding machine may be adopted, the miller may also be adopted for processing. Aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and silicon carbide etc. are adopted as the grinding material. Generally, the particle size of grinding material is 0.25~0.124mm. The standard sample and analysis sample shall be grinded under the same condition and shall not be overheated. Note: the selection of different grinding materials may affect the detection of relevant trace elements. 6 Standard Sample, Standardization Sample and Control Sample 6.1 Standard sample Standard sample is used for plotting calibration curve, of which chemical property and texture structure are similar with those of analysis sample, the content range of analytical element shall be covered and proper gradient shall be maintained, the content of analytical element is valued with accurate and reliable method. The deviation for analysis result will be generated if improper standard sample series are selected, therefore, adequate attention shall be paid for the selection of standard sample. During the plotting of calibration curve, several standard samples with different analytical element contents are generally adopted as one series, of which composition and smelting processes are better to be similar with those of analysis sample. 6.2 Standardization sample Variation of instrument conditions will result in deviation of the determination result. In order to directly use the original calibration curve and obtain accurate results, 1~2 samples are used for standardizing the instrument, and such sample is referred to as standardization sample. The standardization sample shall be quite uniform and provided with proper content as required, it may be selected from standard samples and may also be specially smelted. Where two-point standardization is adopted, the contents near the upper limit and lower limit of the calibration curve of each element are respectively taken as its content. Standardization sample is intended to correct the deviation of calibration curve caused by the measured value of instrument due to various causes, the standardization sample shall be uniform and stable spectral line intensity shall be obtained. 6.3 Control sample Control sample is used for calibrating the determination results of analysis samples and may also be used for the correction of type standardization, which is provided with similar metallurgy processing, texture structure and chemical composition with the analysis sample. Control sample may be made of molten metal with casting mould or made of metal finished. During the smelting of control sample, the content of each element shall be properly specified to realize approximate equivalence of the matrix component of each sample. Attention shall be paid to the error of fixed standard value as well as the traceability of data and method during the value assignment of control sample. 7 Instrument Preparation 7.1 Instrument storage The spectrometer shall be placed in the shock-proof and clean laboratory in accordance with the requirements recommended by the instrument manufacturer, generally, the indoor temperature is 15~30℃ and the relative humidity shall be less than 80%. The variation of indoor temperature shall not exceed 5℃ in the same standardization cycle. 7.2 Power supply In order to ensure the stability of instrument, the variation of power supply voltage shall be less than ±10% and the frequency variation be less than ±2% to ensure that the AC power supply is sine wave. The instrument is equipped with special ground wire according to service requirements. 7.3 Excitation light source To enable the electric appliance part of excitation light source is stable in operation, proper power-on time shall be provided prior to operation. The voltage regulator or pressure stabilizer equipment is adopted to adjust the power supply voltage to the value as required. 7.4 Counter electrode The counter electrode shall be cleaned and replaced periodically, and the distance of its analytical gap shall be adjusted with an electrode spacing gauge to maintain the normal operation condition. 7.5 Optical system The collecting lens shall be cleaned and traced periodically to calibrate the position of entrance slit. 7.6 Photometric system Restart it after shutdown, generally, sufficient power-on time shall be ensured to make the photometric system operate stably. Proper pre-burning time of analytical element is selected by making pre-burning curve. The integrating time is determined by experiment based on analysis precision.
Foreword I 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Principle 4 Instruments 5 Sampling and Sample Preparation 6 Standard Sample, Standardization Sample and Control Sample 7 Instrument Preparation 8 Calibration 9 Analysis Conditions and Analysis Procedures 10 Calculation of Analysis Result 11 Precision 12 Acceptability of Measuring Result and Determination of Final Report Result 13 Accuracy Judgment for Measuring Result in Laboratory 14 Test Report Appendix A (Informative) Additional Information on Precision Experiment Appendix B (Informative) Precision Data
Referred in GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017:
*GB/T 6379.1-2004 Accuracy(trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 1: General principles and definitions
*GB/T 6379.2-2004 Accuracy (trueness and precision) ofmeasurement methods and results - Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
*GB/T 20066-2006 Steel and Iron-Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the Determination of Chemical Composition
*GB 20074-2017 External projections for motorcycles and mopeds
*GB/T 34882-2017 Induction hardening and tempering of iron and steel parts
*GB/T 7251.3-2017 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies-Part 3:Distribution boards intended to be operated by ordinary persons ( DBO)
*GB/T 34955-2017 Atmospheric radiation effects-Guidelines for single event effects testing for avionics systems
*GB/T 34891-2017 Rolling bearings-Parts made from high-carbon chromium bearing steels- Specifications for heat treatment
*GB/T 20840.6-2017 Instrument transformers-Part 6:Additional general requirements for low-power instrument transformers
*GB/T 14048.5-2017 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear-Part 5-1:Control circuit devices and switching element-Electromechanical control circuit devices
*GB/T 12665-2017 Requirements of damp-heat testing of electrical machine for service in general environmental condition
*GB/T 8372-2017 Toothpaste
*GB/T 2100-2017 Corrosion-resistanst steel castings for general applications
*GB/T 342-2017 Dimension,shape,mass and tolerance of cold-drawn round square and hexagonal steel wires
*GB/T 34474.1-2017 Determination of banded structure of steel-Part 1:Micrographic method using standards diagrams
GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017 is referred in:
*YB/T 5055-2014 Crane rails
*GB/T 5099.1-2017 Seamless steel gas cylinders―Part 1:Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strengthless than 1 100 MPa
*GB 1499.1-2008/XG1-2012 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete—Part 1:Hot rolled plain bars
*GB 1499.2-2007/XG1-2009 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete—Part 2:Hot rolled ribbed bars, including Amendment 1
*GB/T 6967-2009 Martensitic stainless steel castings for general engineering application
*GB/T 20564.1-2017 Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile--Part 1: Bake hardening steel
*GB/T 20564.3-2017 Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile--Part 3: High strength interstitial free steel
*GB/T 5213-2008 Cold rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip
*GB/T 3098.22-2009 Mechanical properties of fasteners made of the fine grain non-heat treatment steel—Bolts,screws and studs
*GB/T 35840.1-2018 Steels for plastic mould―Part 1:Non-alloy steels
*TB/T 2817-2018 Wrought steel solid wheel for railway car
*GB/T 34484.1-2017 Heat-treatable steels - Part 1: Non-alloy steels
*JB/T 1265-2014 Rotor and shaft forgings for 25MW to 200MW steam turbines-Technical specification
*GB/T 8163-2018 Seamless steel pipes for liquid service
*GB/T 5213-2019 Cold rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip
*GB/T 13401-2017 Steel buttwelding pipe fittings—Technical specification
*GB/T 19879-2015 Steel plates for building structure
*Q/BQB 310-2018 Continuously hot-rolled steel sheet and strip for automobile structural use
*GB/T 1348-2009 Spheroidal graphite iron castings
*GB/T 5099.3-2017 Seamless steel gas cylinders―Part 3:Normalized cylinders
*GB/T 33954-2017 Hot-rolled wire rod for quenched and tempered spring steel wires
*GB/T 26075-2019 Steel bars for sucker rods
*GB/T 21839-2019 Test methods of steel for prestressing concrete
*DL/T 991-2006 Spectral analysis guideline of metal for electrical power equipment
*YB/T 4149-2006 Continuously cast ruond billet for seamless steel tube rolling
*GB/T 37613-2019 Embedded channel steel
*JB/T 7023-2014 Thrust Runner Forgings for Hydraulic Generators - Technical Specification
*NB/T 47009-2017 Low-alloy steel forgings for low temperature pressure equipments
*YB/T 4213-2010 Continuously hot-dip zinc (aluminum-zinc) coated steel sheet and strip with restricted hazardous substance
*YB/T 4641-2018 Cryogenic ribbed bars for the reinforced concrete tanks of LNG
*GB/T 20564.11-2017 Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile--Part 11: Carbon manganese steel
*GB/T 20564.12-2019 Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile-Part 12:Dual phase steel with high formability
*GB/T 20564.10-2017 Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile--Part 10: Twinning induced plasticity steel
*GB/T 2520-2017 Cold-reduced electrolytic tinplate [Steel-plate & steel-strip]
*GB/T 2518-2019 Continuously hot-dip zinc and zinc alloy coated steel sheet and strip
*GB 712-2011 Ship and ocean engineering structural steel
*GB/T 20887.7-2017 Continuously hot rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile--Part 7: Steels for hydraulic forming
*GB/T 13790-2008 Cold rolled low carbon steel sheets and strips for vitreous enamelling
*GB/T 32957-2016 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems for cold drawn or cold rolled precision seamless steel tubes with internal diameter
*GB/T 3639-2021 Seamless cold-drawn or cold-rolled steel tubes for precision applications
*GB 50205-2020 Standard for acceptance of construction quality of steel structures
*GB/T 37682-2019 Large exposed gear steel castings—Technical specification
*GB/T 34484.2-2018 Heat-treatable steels—Part 2:Alloy steels for quenching and tempering
*GB/T 3639-2009 Seamless cold-drawn or cold-rolled steel tubes for precision applications
*JB/T 10264-2014 Crown and Band Castings for Francis Turbine Welded Runner
*GB/T 28990-2012 Code for non-destructive evaluation of interior decay and modulus of elasticity of historic building wood members by stress wave methods
*GB/T 3087-2022 Seamless steel tubes and pipes for low and medium pressure boiler
*GB 713-2008 Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels
*GB/T 1222-2007 Spring steels
*JB/T 1267-2014 Rotor Forgings for 50MW to 200MW Turbine Generators - Technical Specification
*GB/T 1591-2008 High Strength Low Alloy Structural Steels
*GB/T 11263-2010 Hot-rolled H and cut T section steel
*GB/T 18579-2019 High-carbon chromium bearing steel wires
*GB/T 28900-2012 Test methods of steel for reinforcement of concrete
*GB/T 20564.6-2022 Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile—Part 6: Transformation induced plasticity steel
*GB/T 20564.7-2022 Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile—Part 7: Martensitic steel
*GB/T 28900-2022 Test methods of steel for reinforcement of concrete
*GB/T 41857-2022 Sheet metal parts fabricated by fine blanking combined with extrusion process—General specification
*NB/T 47008~NB/T 47010-2010 Carbon and Low-alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Equipment [Bound Volume]
*GB/T 224-2019 Determination of the depth of decarburization of steels
*YB/T 5209-2020 Electric-welded steel tubes for cardan shaft
*NB/T 47008-2017 Carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure equipment
*TB/T 2942.1-2020 Steel castings for rolling stock-Part 1:Technical requirements and inspection
*Q/BQB 302-2023 冷成型用热连轧钢板及钢带
*JB/T 6402-2018 Heavy low alloy steel castings一Technical specification
*NB/T 47008-2010 Carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure equipments
*GB/T 1499.1-2017 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete—Part 1:Hot rolled plain bars
*GB 11567-2017 Motor vehicles and trailers-lateral and rear underrun protection requirements
*GB/T 26684-2017 Methods of measurement for digital terrestrial set-top box
*CQC-C0301-2014 China Compulsory Certification Implementation Detailed-Rules - Low-voltage switchgear and low voltage electrical equipment
*CJ/T 157-2017 Hotplate of lacquered toughened glass for gas appliance
*JTG D81-2017 Design Specification for Highway Safety Facilities
*T/CECS 488-2017 Rating standard for data centers
*GB/T 34857-2017 Bath agents and shower agents
*GB/T 13304.1-2008 Steels classification - Part 1: Classification of according to chemical composition
*GB/T 18983-2017 Wire for quenched and tempered springs
*GB/T 11263-2017 Hot rolled H and cut T section steel
*GB/T 24187-2023 Cold-drawn precision single welded steel tubes
*GB/T 25715-2023 Pipe mould for centrifugal ductile iron pipe
*GB 1499.1-2024 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete—Part 1:Hot rolled plain bars
*Q/BQB 517-2023 Wire rods for cold heading
*GB/T 26655-2022 Compacted(vermicular)graphite iron castings
*GB/T 1503-2008 Cast steel rolls
*JB/T 4727-2010 Low-alloy steel forgings for low temperature pressure equipments
*Q/BQB 310-2023 Continuously hot-rolled steel sheet and strip for automobile structural use
*GB/T 11263-2024 Hot rolled H and cut T section steel
*GB/T 14383-2021 Forged fittings, socket-welding and threaded
*GB/T 3429-2002 Wire rod for electrode
*Q/ASB 330-2018 Continuously hot-rolled steel sheet and strip for cold rolling and cold forming
Code of China
Standard
GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017  Carbon and low-alloy steel―Determination of multi-element contents―Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method), includes Amendment 1 (English Version)
Standard No.GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017
Statusvalid
LanguageEnglish
File FormatPDF
Word Count11000 words
Price(USD)220.0
Implemented on2017-9-29
Deliveryvia email in 1 business day
Detail of GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017
Standard No.
GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017
English Name
Carbon and low-alloy steel―Determination of multi-element contents―Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method), includes Amendment 1
Chinese Name
碳素钢和中低合金钢 多元素含量的测定 火花放电原子发射光谱法(常规法)|| 含国家标准第1号修改单
Chinese Classification
H11
Professional Classification
GB
ICS Classification
Issued by
AQSIQ; SAC
Issued on
2016-02-24
Implemented on
2017-9-29
Status
valid
Superseded by
Superseded on
Abolished on
Superseding
GB/T 4336-2016 Carbon and low-alloy steel―Determination of multi-element contents―Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method)
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
11000 words
Price(USD)
220.0
Keywords
GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017, GB 4336-2016/XG1-2017, GB 4336-2016XG1-2017, GB/T4336-2016/XG1-2017, GB/T 4336, GB/T4336, GB4336-2016/XG1-2017, GB 4336, GB4336, GB4336-2016XG1-2017, GB 4336, GB4336
Introduction of GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is drafted according to rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard supersedes "Standard Test Method for Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis of Carbon and Low-alloy Steel (Routine Method)" (GB/T 4336-2002); compared with the latter, the main technical changes in this standard are as follows: - The standard name is changed to "Carbon and Low-alloy Steel - Determination of Multi-element Contents - Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometric Method (Routine Method)"; - The determination scope of each element in Table 1 is modified; - Documents referred in "Normative References" (Chapter 2) are added; - The principle description specified in "Principle" (Chapter 3) is modified; - The description of excitation light source in 4.1 is modified; - The description of spark chamber in 4.2 is modified; - The argon purity requirements in 4.3 are modified, and the position of instrument with constant argon pressure and flow is specified; - The description of electrode in 4.4 is modified; - The focal length and wave length range in 4.5 are modified; - The description of photometric system in 4.6 is modified; - Chapter 6 is changed to "Standard Sample, Standardization Sample and Control Sample" from "Standard Sample and Recalibration Sample", and the description is also modified accordingly; - "Calibration" (Chapter 8) and its description are added; - The former Chapter 8 "Analysis Conditions and Analysis Procedures" is changed to Chapter 9, and the description is also modified; - The former Chapter 10 "Precision" is changed to Chapter 11; the repeatability limit and reproducibility limit formulas of each element are worked out again according to the precision test result; - "Acceptability of Measuring Result and Determination of Final Report Result" (Chapter 12) is added; - "Accuracy Judgment for Measuring Result in Laboratory" (Chapter 13) is added; - "Test Report" (Chapter 14) is added; - Appendix A and Appendix B (both are informative) are added. This standard is proposed by China Iron and Steel Association. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Iron and Steel of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 183). Drafting organizations of this standard: Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Baosteel Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Angang Steel Company Limited, Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Co., Ltd., Hengyang Valin Steel Tube Co. Ltd., Jiugang Steel (group) Co., Ltd., Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center For Quality Supervision & Test of Steel Material Products, NCS Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Shimadzu Enterprise Management (China) Co., Ltd., Oxford Instruments (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Yantai Dongfang Analytical Instruments Co., Ltd. and Focused Photonics (Hangzhou), Inc. Chief drafting staff of this standard: Cheng Haiming, Jia Yunhai, Luo Qianhua, Shen Ke, Zhang Ye, Yu Yuanjun, Dai Xueqian, Sun Jianjun, Zhao Bin, Ma Hongbo, Guo Dongsheng and Gan Zhengbin. The previous editions of the standard superseded by this standard are as follows: - GB/T 4336-1984 and GB/T 4336-2002. Carbon and Low-alloy Steel - Determination of Multi-element Contents - Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometric Method (Routine Method) 碳素钢和中低合金钢 多元素含量的测定 火花放电原子发射光谱法(常规法) 1 Scope This standard specifies the method for determining the contents of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulphur, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, aluminum, titanium, copper, niobium, cobalt, boron, zirconium, arsenic and tin in carbon and low-alloy steel with the spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method). This standard is applicable to the analysis of as-cast or forged carbon and low-alloy steel samples such as electric furnace, induction furnace, electroslag furnace and converter. See Table 1 for the application scope and determination scope of each element. Table 1 Application Scope and Determination Scope of Each Element Element Application scope (mass fraction)/% Determination scope (mass fraction)/% C 0.001~1.3 0.03~1.3 Si 0.006~1.2 0.17~1.2 Mn 0.006~2.2 0.07~2.2 P 0.003~0.07 0.01~0.07 S 0.002~0.05 0.008~0.05 Cr 0.005~3.0 0.1~3.0 Ni 0.001~4.2 0.009~4.2 W 0.06~1.7 0.06~1.7 Mo 0.0009~1.2 0.03~1.2 V 0.0007~0.6 0.1~0.6 Al 0.001~0.16 0.03~0.16 Ti 0.0007~0.5 0.015~0.5 Cu 0.005~1.0 0.02~1.0 Nb 0.0008~0.12 0.02~0.12 Co 0.0015~0.3 0.004~0.3 B 0.0001~0.011 0.0008~0.011 Zr 0.001~0.07 0.006~0.07 As 0.0007~0.014 0.004~0.014 Sn 0.0015~0.02 0.006~0.02 Note: The low-content range in the “Application scope” column has not been verified by precision tests, and the laboratory shall select appropriate instruments, conditions and standard samples and operate with caution under strictly control during test of the low-content samples. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 6379.1 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results - Part 1: General Principles and Definitions GB/T 6379.2 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results - Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method GB/T 20066 Steel and Iron - Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the Determination of Chemical Composition 3 Principle Make the well-prepared block sample discharge with the counter electrode under the action of spark light source to generate plasma in inert atmosphere at high temperature. Where the measured element is excitated, the electron will transit in the atom between different energy levels; the characteristic spectral line will be generated when transiting from high energy level to low energy level; then measure the spectral intensity of characteristic spectral line of the selected analytical element and the internal standard element. Calculate the content of the measured element through calibration curve according to the relation between the spectral line intensity (or intensity ratio) and the concentration of the measured element in sample. 4 Instruments The spark discharge atomic emission spectrometer is mainly composed of the following units. 4.1 Excitation light source The excitation light source shall be a stable spark excitation light source. 4.2 Spark chamber The spark chamber is specially designed for argon, and is directly installed on the spectrometer. It is equipped with an argon flushed spark stand to arrange planar sample and rod counter electrode. The argon gas circuit in spark chamber shall be able to displace the air in the light path between analytical gap and collecting lens, and shall provide argon atmosphere for the analytical gap. 4.3 Argon system The argon system mainly includes the argon container, two-stage pressure regulator, gas flowmeter and the sequential control part which is able to automatically change the argon flow according to analysis conditions. The purity and flow of argon have a significant impact on the analysis of measured value; it shall be ensured that the purity of argon shall not be less than 99.995%, otherwise, the argon purification device shall be used, and the pressure and flow of argon in spark chamber shall be maintained constant. 4.4 Counter electrode Different counter electrodes shall be used for different equipment. Generally, the conical tungsten bar with diameter of 4~8mm and with top processed into 30°~120° or other electrode material is used, and the purity shall be greater than 99%. The flat tip tungsten electrode with diameter of 1mm may also be used. The time for replacing the counter electrode shall be determined by each laboratory according to specific conditions. 4.5 Spectrometer Generally, the reciprocal of dispersion of first-order spectral line of spectrometer shall be less than 0.6nm/mm, the focal length is within 0.35~1.0m, and the wave length range is 165.0~410.0nm. The vacuum degree of spectrometer shall work blow 3Pa or be filled with high-purity inert gas (such gas does not absorb the spectral line with wave length less than 200nm, and its purity is not lower than 99.999%). 4.6 Photometric system The photometric system shall include the photoelectric conversion detector receiving signal, the integrating capacitor capable of storing each output electric signal, the measuring unit used for directly or indirectly recording the voltage or frequency on the capacitor, and the necessary circuit switching device provided for the required time sequence. 5 Sampling and Sample Preparation 5.1 Sampling Sampling and sample preparation shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 20066. During sampling, the analysis sample shall be uniform, and free from shrinkage and crack. During the sampling of as-cast sample, the molten steel shall be injected into the specified mould, the content of deoxidizing agent shall not exceed 0.35% if aluminum deoxidation is adopted; the representative position shall be selected in steel sampling. 5.2 Sample preparation As for the sample taken out from mould, the sample is generally cut out at the lower 1/3 point in height direction. For the uncut samples, the surface thickness shall be reduced by 1mm. The cutting machine equipped with resin cutting disc and metal-cutting machine tool etc. shall be adopted as the cutting equipment. The analysis sample shall be sufficient to cover the excitated hole diameter of spark stand, generally, the diameter is required to be greater than 16mm and the thickness be greater than 2mm; the sample surface shall be flat and clean. Grinder, abrasive paper grinding disc or abrasive band grinding machine may be adopted, the miller may also be adopted for processing. Aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and silicon carbide etc. are adopted as the grinding material. Generally, the particle size of grinding material is 0.25~0.124mm. The standard sample and analysis sample shall be grinded under the same condition and shall not be overheated. Note: the selection of different grinding materials may affect the detection of relevant trace elements. 6 Standard Sample, Standardization Sample and Control Sample 6.1 Standard sample Standard sample is used for plotting calibration curve, of which chemical property and texture structure are similar with those of analysis sample, the content range of analytical element shall be covered and proper gradient shall be maintained, the content of analytical element is valued with accurate and reliable method. The deviation for analysis result will be generated if improper standard sample series are selected, therefore, adequate attention shall be paid for the selection of standard sample. During the plotting of calibration curve, several standard samples with different analytical element contents are generally adopted as one series, of which composition and smelting processes are better to be similar with those of analysis sample. 6.2 Standardization sample Variation of instrument conditions will result in deviation of the determination result. In order to directly use the original calibration curve and obtain accurate results, 1~2 samples are used for standardizing the instrument, and such sample is referred to as standardization sample. The standardization sample shall be quite uniform and provided with proper content as required, it may be selected from standard samples and may also be specially smelted. Where two-point standardization is adopted, the contents near the upper limit and lower limit of the calibration curve of each element are respectively taken as its content. Standardization sample is intended to correct the deviation of calibration curve caused by the measured value of instrument due to various causes, the standardization sample shall be uniform and stable spectral line intensity shall be obtained. 6.3 Control sample Control sample is used for calibrating the determination results of analysis samples and may also be used for the correction of type standardization, which is provided with similar metallurgy processing, texture structure and chemical composition with the analysis sample. Control sample may be made of molten metal with casting mould or made of metal finished. During the smelting of control sample, the content of each element shall be properly specified to realize approximate equivalence of the matrix component of each sample. Attention shall be paid to the error of fixed standard value as well as the traceability of data and method during the value assignment of control sample. 7 Instrument Preparation 7.1 Instrument storage The spectrometer shall be placed in the shock-proof and clean laboratory in accordance with the requirements recommended by the instrument manufacturer, generally, the indoor temperature is 15~30℃ and the relative humidity shall be less than 80%. The variation of indoor temperature shall not exceed 5℃ in the same standardization cycle. 7.2 Power supply In order to ensure the stability of instrument, the variation of power supply voltage shall be less than ±10% and the frequency variation be less than ±2% to ensure that the AC power supply is sine wave. The instrument is equipped with special ground wire according to service requirements. 7.3 Excitation light source To enable the electric appliance part of excitation light source is stable in operation, proper power-on time shall be provided prior to operation. The voltage regulator or pressure stabilizer equipment is adopted to adjust the power supply voltage to the value as required. 7.4 Counter electrode The counter electrode shall be cleaned and replaced periodically, and the distance of its analytical gap shall be adjusted with an electrode spacing gauge to maintain the normal operation condition. 7.5 Optical system The collecting lens shall be cleaned and traced periodically to calibrate the position of entrance slit. 7.6 Photometric system Restart it after shutdown, generally, sufficient power-on time shall be ensured to make the photometric system operate stably. Proper pre-burning time of analytical element is selected by making pre-burning curve. The integrating time is determined by experiment based on analysis precision.
Contents of GB/T 4336-2016/XG1-2017
Foreword I 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Principle 4 Instruments 5 Sampling and Sample Preparation 6 Standard Sample, Standardization Sample and Control Sample 7 Instrument Preparation 8 Calibration 9 Analysis Conditions and Analysis Procedures 10 Calculation of Analysis Result 11 Precision 12 Acceptability of Measuring Result and Determination of Final Report Result 13 Accuracy Judgment for Measuring Result in Laboratory 14 Test Report Appendix A (Informative) Additional Information on Precision Experiment Appendix B (Informative) Precision Data
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Keywords:
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