Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 19596-2004 Terminology of Electric Vehicles, and in addition to a number of editorial changes, the following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 19596-2004:
——the terminologies of electric vehicles classified by off-vehicle charging capability and selection of driving mode are added (see 3.1.1.2);
——the terminologies of propulsion and driving systems such as electric drive and high voltage power system are added (see 3.1.2.1);
——the terminologies in relation to safety and economic performances of electric vehicle are added (see 3.1.3.2 and 3.1.3.3);
——the terminology of maximum working speed of electrical machine is deleted (see 3.2.5 of Edition 2004);
——the terminologies of rechargeable energy storage devices classified by encapsulating form and performance are added (see 3.3.1.3 and 3.3.1.4);
——the terminologies in relation to power characteristics of rechargeable energy storage system are added (see 3.3.3.6);
——the terminology of charger is modified (see 3.4).
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114).
The previous edition of the standard replaced by this standard is as follows:
——GB/T 19596-2004.
Terminology of Electric Vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terminologies and definitions in relation to electric vehicles.
This standard is applicable to complete electric vehicle, drive motor system, rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) and charger.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical Terminology—Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries
GB/T 19752 Hybrid Electric Vehicle—Power Performance—Test Method
GB/T 24548 Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—Terminology
GB/T 30038 Road Vehicles—Degrees of Electrical Equipment Protection (IP-Code)
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions and those given in GB/T 2900.41, GB/T 19752, GB/T 24548 and GB/T 30038 apply.
3.1 Complete Vehicle
3.1.1
electric vehicle, EV
generic term of the following vehicles
3.1.1.1
battery electric vehicle, BEV
vehicles powered by electric energy and driven by electrical machine. The electric energy for driving such machine is derived from on-board RESS or other energy storage devices.
3.1.1.2
hybrid electric vehicle, HEV
vehicles capable of obtaining power from at least the following two kinds of on-board stored energy:
——consumable fuel;
——rechargeable power/energy storage device.
3.1.1.2.1 By power system structure type
3.1.1.2.1.1
series hybrid electric vehicle
hybrid electric vehicle driven by electrical machine only
3.1.1.2.1.2
parallel hybrid electric vehicle
hybrid electric vehicle driven by electrical machine and engine synchronously or independently
3.1.1.2.1.3
combined hybrid electric vehicle
hybrid electric vehicle provided with both series and parallel drive modes
3.1.1.2.2 By off-vehicle charging capability
3.1.1.2.2.1
off-vehicle-chargeable hybrid electric vehicle, OVC-HEV
hybrid electric vehicle capable of acquiring electric energy from off-board device in normal use
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) fall into this category.
3.1.1.2.2.2
non off-vehicle-chargeable hybrid electric vehicle, NOVC-HEV
hybrid electric vehicle capable of acquiring all the energy from on-board fuel in normal use
3.1.1.2.3 By selection of driving mode
3.1.1.2.3.1
hybrid electric vehicle with selective switch
hybrid electric vehicle capable of selecting driving mode manually. The vehicle's available driving mode includes pure electric mode, thermal mechanical mode and hybrid mode.
3.1.1.2.3.2
hybrid electric vehicle without selective switch
hybrid electric vehicle incapable of selecting driving mode manually. The driving mode of vehicle may be automatically switched according to different conditions.
3.1.1.2.4
range extended electric vehicle, REEV
electric vehicle that can achieve all dynamic performances in pure electric mode and can increase the endurance mileage by turning on the on-board auxiliary power unit to provide electric energy to power system if the on-board RESS fails to meet the endurance mileage requirements, and the on-board auxiliary power unit is free of transmission connection with propulsion system such as transmission shaft (belt)
3.1.1.3
fuel cell electric vehicle, FCEV
electric vehicle using fuel cell system as single power source or fuel cell system and RESS as hybrid power source
3.1.1.3.1
fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle, FCHEV
electric vehicle using both fuel cell system and RESS as hybrid power source
3.1.1.3.2
pure fuel cell vehicle, pure FCV
electric vehicle using fuel cell system as single power source
3.1.2 Structure and components
3.1.2.1 Propulsion and driving systems
3.1.2.1.1
auxiliary system
on-board system, other than the propulsion system, which uses electricity or operates on electric energy
Example: lamps, windshield wiper motor, audio equipment, etc.
3.1.2.1.2
on-board energy source
a combination of convertor and energy storage
3.1.2.1.3
propulsion system
a system that can provide a driving force to the vehicle as per the driver's operation instruction after the vehicle is started
3.1.2.1.4
power train
a combination of power unit and drive system
3.1.2.1.4.1
electric drive
a system composed of drive motor, power electronic device and relevant operating devices for the conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy
3.1.2.1.4.2
electric power train
power train, consisting of electric drive and drive system
3.1.2.1.4.3
hybrid power train
power train of a hybrid electric vehicle, consisting of a fueled power source and an electric power train
3.1.2.1.5
drive direction control
special device used for selecting the vehicle driving direction (forward or backward) via operation of driver, e.g. control lever or button switch
3.1.2.1.6
vehicle control unit
power assembly control unit that is used to control the actions of lower component control units after collecting the accelerator pedal signal, brake pedal signal and other component signals, and making corresponding judgments, thus achieving vehicle driving, braking and energy recovery
3.1.2.1.7
electric power system
circuit system that generates, transmits and uses electric energy, including power supply
3.1.2.1.8
regenerative braking
a system that stores the energy of on-board RESS converted, wholly or partially, from kinetic energy and potential energy in the vehicle driving process during sliding, decelerating or downhill
3.1.2.1.9
power battery system
energy storage device that is composed of one or more battery pack(s) and corresponding accessories (battery management system, high voltage circuit, low voltage circuit, thermal management equipment and mechanical assembly) to provide electric energy for driving of electric vehicle
3.1.2.1.10
drive motor system
a combination of drive motor, drive motor controller and auxiliary devices required for operation
3.1.2.1.11
high voltage power system
high voltage drive parts system in the electric vehicle with class B voltage or above and connected with DC bus of power cell or driven by power cell, mainly including, but not limited to, power cell system and/or high voltage distribution system (high voltage relay, fuse, resistor, main switch, etc.), electrical machine and controller system, DC/DC convertor and on-board charger, etc.
3.1.2.2 Vehicle body and chassis
3.1.2.2.1
battery carrier
device for the convenience of installation of load-bearing traction battery, which is classified into portable and fixed types
3.1.2.2.2
electrical chassis
a group of electrically associated conductive parts, whose potential is taken as reference
3.1.2.2.3
power cable
electric wire for power circuit of drive motor
3.1.2.2.4
charging inlet
device for installing charging socket (conductive charge) or charging port (inductive charge) on the vehicle body
3.1.2.2.5
passenger compartment
space to contain passenger and enclosed by top cap, floor, side wall, vehicle door, glass window and front wall, rear wall or support plate of rear seat backrest and electrical protective barrier and enclosure preventing the passenger from contacting live parts
3.1.2.3 Electrical devices and components
3.1.2.3.1
energy storage
devices installed on the electric vehicle to store electric energy, including various traction batteries, ultra-capacitor and flywheel battery or other combination
3.1.2.3.2
live part
conductor or conductive part intended to be electrically energized in normal use
3.1.2.3.3
conductive part
part which is capable of conducting electric current and is uncharged under normal operating conditions, but may become electrically energized in case of failure of basic insulation
3.1.2.3.4
exposed conductive part
conductive part that can be touched by an IPXXB (protection grade code) test finger
Note: This concept is specific to circuit. The live part in one circuit may be an exposed conductor in another circuit. For example, the body of passenger car may be the live part of auxiliary circuit, but it is exposed conductor for power circuit.
3.1.2.3.5
main switch
switch used for connecting or disconnecting the traction battery and controlling the main circuit
3.1.2.3.6
insulation resistance monitoring system
system which periodically or continuously monitors the insulation resistance between traction battery, connected high-voltage bus and vehicle chassis
3.1.2.3.7
service plug
device that disconnects the circuit during maintenance and replacement of traction battery
3.1.2.3.8
high voltage bus
high voltage circuit connected with REESS, including external output unit and charging part of REESS
3.1.2.3.9
balance of electric power system
remaining portion of a voltage class B electric circuit when all RESSs and fuel cell stacks are disconnected
3.1.2.4 Indicators and signal devices
3.1.2.4.1
battery overheat warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the temperature of traction battery exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.2
battery level warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the electrolyte level of traction battery is over-low and requires supplement
3.1.2.4.3
residual capacity gauge
instrument that shows the residual capacity of traction battery
3.1.2.4.4
motor over revolution warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the speed of electrical machine exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.5
motor overheat warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the temperature of electrical machine exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.6
motor over current warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the current of electrical machine exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.7
controller overheat warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the temperature of controller exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.8
insulation failure warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the insulation resistance of main circuit is lower than the limit
3.1.2.4.9
stand by indicator
device that shows the vehicle can operate normally
3.1.2.4.10
electric regeneration indicator
device that shows the degree of energy recovery of electric braking system
3.1.3 Performance
3.1.3.1 Driving performance
3.1.3.1.1
discharged energy
electric energy released by energy storage during driving of electric vehicle, expressed in Wh
3.1.3.1.2
regeneration braking
a braking process that stores the energy of on-board rechargeable energy storage system converted, wholly or partially, from kinetic energy and potential energy in the vehicle driving process during sliding, decelerating or downhill
3.1.3.1.3
regenerated energy
electric energy recovered via regeneration braking for the running electric vehicle, expressed in Wh
3.1.3.1.4
range
maximum continuous driving distance of electric vehicle under certain driving condition at the fully charged state of traction battery, expressed in km
3.1.3.1.5
energy consumption rate
ratio of the electric energy obtained from power grid to the driving mileage when the traction battery is recharged to the capacity before the test after specified test cycles, expressed in Wh/km
3.1.3.1.6
maximum speed (1 km)
maximum average speed of electric vehicle when it continuously travels by more than 1km back and forth respectively
3.1.3.1.7
maximum thirty-minutes speed
maximum average speed of electric vehicle when it continuously travels for more than 30min
3.1.3.1.8
acceleration ability (v1 to v2)
minimum duration required for the electric vehicle to accelerate from v1 to v2
3.1.3.1.9
hill starting ability
maximum gradient that the electric vehicle is able to start up on a ramp and travel upward by 10m at least within 1min
3.1.3.1.10
power train efficiency
ratio of mechanical energy output by power train to electric energy input in power train in the event of battery electric vehicle
3.1.3.1.11
speed uphill
maximum average speed of electric vehicle when it is able to continuously travel by more than 1km on the ramp of given gradient
3.1.3.1.12
total power
peak power the hybrid electric vehicle can output in combined drive mode
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 3.1 Complete Vehicle 3.2 Drive Motor System 3.3 Rechargeable Energy Storage System (RESS) 3.4 Charger Index
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 19596-2004 Terminology of Electric Vehicles, and in addition to a number of editorial changes, the following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 19596-2004:
——the terminologies of electric vehicles classified by off-vehicle charging capability and selection of driving mode are added (see 3.1.1.2);
——the terminologies of propulsion and driving systems such as electric drive and high voltage power system are added (see 3.1.2.1);
——the terminologies in relation to safety and economic performances of electric vehicle are added (see 3.1.3.2 and 3.1.3.3);
——the terminology of maximum working speed of electrical machine is deleted (see 3.2.5 of Edition 2004);
——the terminologies of rechargeable energy storage devices classified by encapsulating form and performance are added (see 3.3.1.3 and 3.3.1.4);
——the terminologies in relation to power characteristics of rechargeable energy storage system are added (see 3.3.3.6);
——the terminology of charger is modified (see 3.4).
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114).
The previous edition of the standard replaced by this standard is as follows:
——GB/T 19596-2004.
Terminology of Electric Vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terminologies and definitions in relation to electric vehicles.
This standard is applicable to complete electric vehicle, drive motor system, rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) and charger.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical Terminology—Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries
GB/T 19752 Hybrid Electric Vehicle—Power Performance—Test Method
GB/T 24548 Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—Terminology
GB/T 30038 Road Vehicles—Degrees of Electrical Equipment Protection (IP-Code)
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions and those given in GB/T 2900.41, GB/T 19752, GB/T 24548 and GB/T 30038 apply.
3.1 Complete Vehicle
3.1.1
electric vehicle, EV
generic term of the following vehicles
3.1.1.1
battery electric vehicle, BEV
vehicles powered by electric energy and driven by electrical machine. The electric energy for driving such machine is derived from on-board RESS or other energy storage devices.
3.1.1.2
hybrid electric vehicle, HEV
vehicles capable of obtaining power from at least the following two kinds of on-board stored energy:
——consumable fuel;
——rechargeable power/energy storage device.
3.1.1.2.1 By power system structure type
3.1.1.2.1.1
series hybrid electric vehicle
hybrid electric vehicle driven by electrical machine only
3.1.1.2.1.2
parallel hybrid electric vehicle
hybrid electric vehicle driven by electrical machine and engine synchronously or independently
3.1.1.2.1.3
combined hybrid electric vehicle
hybrid electric vehicle provided with both series and parallel drive modes
3.1.1.2.2 By off-vehicle charging capability
3.1.1.2.2.1
off-vehicle-chargeable hybrid electric vehicle, OVC-HEV
hybrid electric vehicle capable of acquiring electric energy from off-board device in normal use
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) fall into this category.
3.1.1.2.2.2
non off-vehicle-chargeable hybrid electric vehicle, NOVC-HEV
hybrid electric vehicle capable of acquiring all the energy from on-board fuel in normal use
3.1.1.2.3 By selection of driving mode
3.1.1.2.3.1
hybrid electric vehicle with selective switch
hybrid electric vehicle capable of selecting driving mode manually. The vehicle's available driving mode includes pure electric mode, thermal mechanical mode and hybrid mode.
3.1.1.2.3.2
hybrid electric vehicle without selective switch
hybrid electric vehicle incapable of selecting driving mode manually. The driving mode of vehicle may be automatically switched according to different conditions.
3.1.1.2.4
range extended electric vehicle, REEV
electric vehicle that can achieve all dynamic performances in pure electric mode and can increase the endurance mileage by turning on the on-board auxiliary power unit to provide electric energy to power system if the on-board RESS fails to meet the endurance mileage requirements, and the on-board auxiliary power unit is free of transmission connection with propulsion system such as transmission shaft (belt)
3.1.1.3
fuel cell electric vehicle, FCEV
electric vehicle using fuel cell system as single power source or fuel cell system and RESS as hybrid power source
3.1.1.3.1
fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle, FCHEV
electric vehicle using both fuel cell system and RESS as hybrid power source
3.1.1.3.2
pure fuel cell vehicle, pure FCV
electric vehicle using fuel cell system as single power source
3.1.2 Structure and components
3.1.2.1 Propulsion and driving systems
3.1.2.1.1
auxiliary system
on-board system, other than the propulsion system, which uses electricity or operates on electric energy
Example: lamps, windshield wiper motor, audio equipment, etc.
3.1.2.1.2
on-board energy source
a combination of convertor and energy storage
3.1.2.1.3
propulsion system
a system that can provide a driving force to the vehicle as per the driver's operation instruction after the vehicle is started
3.1.2.1.4
power train
a combination of power unit and drive system
3.1.2.1.4.1
electric drive
a system composed of drive motor, power electronic device and relevant operating devices for the conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy
3.1.2.1.4.2
electric power train
power train, consisting of electric drive and drive system
3.1.2.1.4.3
hybrid power train
power train of a hybrid electric vehicle, consisting of a fueled power source and an electric power train
3.1.2.1.5
drive direction control
special device used for selecting the vehicle driving direction (forward or backward) via operation of driver, e.g. control lever or button switch
3.1.2.1.6
vehicle control unit
power assembly control unit that is used to control the actions of lower component control units after collecting the accelerator pedal signal, brake pedal signal and other component signals, and making corresponding judgments, thus achieving vehicle driving, braking and energy recovery
3.1.2.1.7
electric power system
circuit system that generates, transmits and uses electric energy, including power supply
3.1.2.1.8
regenerative braking
a system that stores the energy of on-board RESS converted, wholly or partially, from kinetic energy and potential energy in the vehicle driving process during sliding, decelerating or downhill
3.1.2.1.9
power battery system
energy storage device that is composed of one or more battery pack(s) and corresponding accessories (battery management system, high voltage circuit, low voltage circuit, thermal management equipment and mechanical assembly) to provide electric energy for driving of electric vehicle
3.1.2.1.10
drive motor system
a combination of drive motor, drive motor controller and auxiliary devices required for operation
3.1.2.1.11
high voltage power system
high voltage drive parts system in the electric vehicle with class B voltage or above and connected with DC bus of power cell or driven by power cell, mainly including, but not limited to, power cell system and/or high voltage distribution system (high voltage relay, fuse, resistor, main switch, etc.), electrical machine and controller system, DC/DC convertor and on-board charger, etc.
3.1.2.2 Vehicle body and chassis
3.1.2.2.1
battery carrier
device for the convenience of installation of load-bearing traction battery, which is classified into portable and fixed types
3.1.2.2.2
electrical chassis
a group of electrically associated conductive parts, whose potential is taken as reference
3.1.2.2.3
power cable
electric wire for power circuit of drive motor
3.1.2.2.4
charging inlet
device for installing charging socket (conductive charge) or charging port (inductive charge) on the vehicle body
3.1.2.2.5
passenger compartment
space to contain passenger and enclosed by top cap, floor, side wall, vehicle door, glass window and front wall, rear wall or support plate of rear seat backrest and electrical protective barrier and enclosure preventing the passenger from contacting live parts
3.1.2.3 Electrical devices and components
3.1.2.3.1
energy storage
devices installed on the electric vehicle to store electric energy, including various traction batteries, ultra-capacitor and flywheel battery or other combination
3.1.2.3.2
live part
conductor or conductive part intended to be electrically energized in normal use
3.1.2.3.3
conductive part
part which is capable of conducting electric current and is uncharged under normal operating conditions, but may become electrically energized in case of failure of basic insulation
3.1.2.3.4
exposed conductive part
conductive part that can be touched by an IPXXB (protection grade code) test finger
Note: This concept is specific to circuit. The live part in one circuit may be an exposed conductor in another circuit. For example, the body of passenger car may be the live part of auxiliary circuit, but it is exposed conductor for power circuit.
3.1.2.3.5
main switch
switch used for connecting or disconnecting the traction battery and controlling the main circuit
3.1.2.3.6
insulation resistance monitoring system
system which periodically or continuously monitors the insulation resistance between traction battery, connected high-voltage bus and vehicle chassis
3.1.2.3.7
service plug
device that disconnects the circuit during maintenance and replacement of traction battery
3.1.2.3.8
high voltage bus
high voltage circuit connected with REESS, including external output unit and charging part of REESS
3.1.2.3.9
balance of electric power system
remaining portion of a voltage class B electric circuit when all RESSs and fuel cell stacks are disconnected
3.1.2.4 Indicators and signal devices
3.1.2.4.1
battery overheat warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the temperature of traction battery exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.2
battery level warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the electrolyte level of traction battery is over-low and requires supplement
3.1.2.4.3
residual capacity gauge
instrument that shows the residual capacity of traction battery
3.1.2.4.4
motor over revolution warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the speed of electrical machine exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.5
motor overheat warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the temperature of electrical machine exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.6
motor over current warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the current of electrical machine exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.7
controller overheat warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the temperature of controller exceeds the limit
3.1.2.4.8
insulation failure warning device
device sending out alarm signal when the insulation resistance of main circuit is lower than the limit
3.1.2.4.9
stand by indicator
device that shows the vehicle can operate normally
3.1.2.4.10
electric regeneration indicator
device that shows the degree of energy recovery of electric braking system
3.1.3 Performance
3.1.3.1 Driving performance
3.1.3.1.1
discharged energy
electric energy released by energy storage during driving of electric vehicle, expressed in Wh
3.1.3.1.2
regeneration braking
a braking process that stores the energy of on-board rechargeable energy storage system converted, wholly or partially, from kinetic energy and potential energy in the vehicle driving process during sliding, decelerating or downhill
3.1.3.1.3
regenerated energy
electric energy recovered via regeneration braking for the running electric vehicle, expressed in Wh
3.1.3.1.4
range
maximum continuous driving distance of electric vehicle under certain driving condition at the fully charged state of traction battery, expressed in km
3.1.3.1.5
energy consumption rate
ratio of the electric energy obtained from power grid to the driving mileage when the traction battery is recharged to the capacity before the test after specified test cycles, expressed in Wh/km
3.1.3.1.6
maximum speed (1 km)
maximum average speed of electric vehicle when it continuously travels by more than 1km back and forth respectively
3.1.3.1.7
maximum thirty-minutes speed
maximum average speed of electric vehicle when it continuously travels for more than 30min
3.1.3.1.8
acceleration ability (v1 to v2)
minimum duration required for the electric vehicle to accelerate from v1 to v2
3.1.3.1.9
hill starting ability
maximum gradient that the electric vehicle is able to start up on a ramp and travel upward by 10m at least within 1min
3.1.3.1.10
power train efficiency
ratio of mechanical energy output by power train to electric energy input in power train in the event of battery electric vehicle
3.1.3.1.11
speed uphill
maximum average speed of electric vehicle when it is able to continuously travel by more than 1km on the ramp of given gradient
3.1.3.1.12
total power
peak power the hybrid electric vehicle can output in combined drive mode
Contents of GB/T 19596-2017
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
3.1 Complete Vehicle
3.2 Drive Motor System
3.3 Rechargeable Energy Storage System (RESS)
3.4 Charger
Index
